Chemical/biological warfare
Subject
Subject Source: UK Archival Thesaurus
Found in 47 Collections and/or Records:
Unknown
(Untitled), 17 Apr 1929
Unknown
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 22/238/18-41
Scope and Contents
Minutes of Cabinet meeting recording Stanley Baldwin, Prime Minister, outlining his forthcoming speech about government policy; discussion of the government's reply to a speech by Philip Snowden [later Lord Snowden] about the Balfour Note and repayment of war debts; negotiations with the United States on reduction and limitation of armaments, the proposed Baghdad [Iraq]- Haifa [Israel]; chemical warfare policy; the political situation in Iraq and negotiations with King Feisal; policy on...
Dates:
17 Apr 1929
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 12 May 1942 - 14 May 1942
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/61/22-24
Scope and Contents
Letter from John Tinker to WSC [with transcript] commenting on WSC's commitment to use poison gas against Germany if Hitler used it on the Soviet Union and recommending the use of explosives instead; annotated by WSC, with reply by Leslie Rowan [Private Secretary to WSC].
Dates:
12 May 1942 - 14 May 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 20 Mar 1942
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/72/44-45
Scope and Contents
Telegram from WSC to Premier Joseph Stalin: states that 1st Lord Beaverbrook [earlier Max Aitken] is off to Washington [United States] to "help smooth out the Treaty question" [on confirming the borders of the Soviet Union]; comments on lunch with Ivan Maisky [Soviet Ambassador to Britain] and the implications of the use of poison gas by Germany against the Soviet Union; recommends the new British Ambassador to the Soviet Union [Sir Archibald Kerr, later 1st Lord Inverchapel].
Dates:
20 Mar 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 30 Mar 1942
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/73/6
Scope and Contents
Telegram from Sir Archibald Clark Kerr [British Ambassador to the Soviet Union, later 1st Lord Inverchapel] to WSC conveying the text of a message by Premier Joseph Stalin to WSC (dated 27 March 1942) regarding the possible use of poison gas against the Soviet Union by Germany or Finland: expresses gratitude for the British promise to make retaliatory gas attacks against Germany and asks for this to be extended to include Finland; asks the British Government to issue a public warning and...
Dates:
30 Mar 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 09 Apr 1942
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/73/73
Scope and Contents
Telegram from WSC to Premier Joseph Stalin regarding chemical weapons: states that he will issue a warning to Germany and Finland about British retaliation for poison gas attacks against the Soviet Union at the beginning of May; asks that Stalin send a specialist to explain Soviet requirements; offers to supply mustard and bleaching materials to the Soviet Union in advance of an expert's report.
Dates:
09 Apr 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 23 Apr 1942
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/74/13
Scope and Contents
Telegram from Sir Archibald Clark Kerr [British Ambassador to the Soviet Union, later 1st Lord Inverchapel] to WSC reciting a message from Joseph Stalin of 22 April regarding chemical weapons: thanks WSC for his willingness to issue a warning against the use of poison gases by Germany and Finland; details quantities of hypochloride of calcium, chloramine and liquid chlorine required by the Soviet Union; proposes to send Andrei Georgiyevich Kasatkin (Deputy Peoples Commissar of Chemical...
Dates:
23 Apr 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 01 Jul 1944 - 30 Jul 1944
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/153/1
Scope and Contents
Prime Minister's printed personal minutes, July 1944.Includes texts of minutes from WSC (annotated with additional printed information) to: members of the Cabinet and other government ministers; General Sir Hastings Ismay [Chief of Staff to the Minister of Defence]; senior civil servants, including Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the War Cabinet]; the Chiefs of Staff; "C" [Major General Sir Stewart Menzies, Head of Britain's Secret Intelligence Service]; Major General Robert Laycock [Chief...
Dates:
01 Jul 1944 - 30 Jul 1944
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 19 Apr 1943
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/110/44
Scope and Contents
Telegram from WSC to Marshal Stalin marked "Personal and Most Secret" stating that he has heard a rumour from Spain that the Germans are planning to use gas on the Soviet front and asking him if he would like him to renew his declaration that there will be immediate British retaliation for any gas attacks on the Soviet Union.
Dates:
19 Apr 1943
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 19 Apr 1943
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/110/66
Scope and Contents
Telegram from Marshal Stalin to WSC marked "Personal and Secret" stating that he is happy for him to use an extract from one of his telegrams to broadcast to the British bombing squadrons and informing him that they have also heard the rumour of Germany's intention to use gas on the Soviet front and adding that he support this proposal to threaten Germany with a powerful chemical attack if they do launch a gas attack.
Dates:
19 Apr 1943
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 09 May 1942
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/75/7
Scope and Contents
Telegram from WSC to Premier Joseph Stalin regarding convoys to the Soviet Union: outlines difficulties of sailing convoys to the Soviet Union; lists measures required from the Soviet Union to help protect convoys; states that he will be making the broadcast warning of British retaliation to German gas attacks upon Soviet Armies tomorrow.
Dates:
09 May 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 01 Apr 1941 - 30 Apr 1941
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/36/4
Scope and Contents
Prime Minister's printed personal minutes, April 1941.Includes texts of minutes from WSC (annotated with additional printed information) to: members of the Cabinet and other government ministers; F A Lindemann [later 1st Lord Cherwell] and Desmond Morton [Prime Minister's Personal Assistants]; Sir Alexander Cadogan [Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]; the Chiefs of Staff; General Sir Hastings Ismay [Chief of Staff to the Minister of Defence]; Sir Edward Bridges...
Dates:
01 Apr 1941 - 30 Apr 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 01 Jan 1941 - 31 Jan 1941
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/36/1
Scope and Contents
Prime Minister's printed personal minutes, January 1941.Includes texts of minutes from WSC (annotated with additional printed information) to: Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the War Cabinet]; General Sir Hastings Ismay [Chief of Staff to the Minister of Defence]; Eric Seal [WSC's Principal Private Secretary]; members of the Cabinet and other government ministers; the Chiefs of Staff; F A Lindemann [later 1st Lord Cherwell, Prime Minister's Personal Assistant]; James Stuart [Chief Whip] and...
Dates:
01 Jan 1941 - 31 Jan 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 01 Sep 1940 - 30 Sep 1940
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/13/6
Scope and Contents
Prime Minister's printed personal minutes, September 1940.Includes texts of minutes from WSC (annotated with additional printed information) to: General Sir Hastings Ismay [Chief of Staff to the Minister of Defence], the Chiefs of Staff and other senior military figures; members of the Cabinet and other government ministers; senior civil servants including Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the War Cabinet] and Sir Alexander Cadogan [Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs];...
Dates:
01 Sep 1940 - 30 Sep 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 01 Dec 1940 - 31 Dec 1940
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/13/9
Scope and Contents
Prime Minister's printed personal minutes, December 1940.Includes texts of minutes from WSC (annotated with additional printed information) to: General Sir Hastings Ismay [Chief of Staff to the Minister of Defence]; members of the Cabinet and other government ministers; the Chiefs of Staff; Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the War Cabinet]; Colonel Ian Jacob [Military Assistant Secretary to the War Cabinet]; [Pierre] Dupuy [First Secretary Canadian Legation, Paris]; F A Lindemann [later 1st...
Dates:
01 Dec 1940 - 31 Dec 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 01 Aug 1940
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/16/1-3
Scope and Contents
"Weekly Intelligence Commentary no. 50" from the War Office General Staff. Covers 25 July to 1 August 1940 and divided into sections on: 1. Germany: a) information on invasion of the United Kingdom; b) possible use of gas; c) "Bundle charge" hand grenades; 2. Italy and Italian possessions; 3. The Balkan States and Turkey: a) Bulgaria; b) Romania; c) Yugoslavia [later Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia]; 4. Middle East (Egypt and Sudan):...
Dates:
01 Aug 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
From the Fonds:
The Churchill Papers are made available to researchers using Churchill Archives Centre and worldwide in digital format. The digital edition of the Churchill Papers is published by Bloomsbury Academic and is available online to subscribing institutions at churchillarchive.com. The Churchill archive is freely available in our reading rooms and onsite at Churchill College (via the Churchill College wireless network). Researchers can download images of documents directly from churchillarchive.com and so are encouraged to consider bringing a laptop or other device for this purpose. For conservation reasons, the fragile originals are no longer issued to researchers.
This digital edition is open to researchers unless otherwise marked in the catalogue. Some material has been closed by the Cabinet Office or by Churchill Archives Centre in accordance with data protection legislation.
Item
(Untitled), Jan 1941 - May 1941
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/23/13-82
Scope and Contents
Papers on possible gas attack, particularly by a phosgene bomb or mustard gas, including: notes by Private Secretaries to WSC on files in the possession of Group Captain Charles Anderson [former Personal Assistant to the Minister of Aircraft Production] including minutes on Anti-Gas Protection belonging to the Ministry of Aircraft Production [enclosed] and confidential files from the Air Ministry; also papers on the Assessment of a Gas Attack, phosgene or mustard gas, and suggested...
Dates:
Jan 1941 - May 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 23 Feb 1941
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/27/62-63
Scope and Contents
Memorandum from Major-General Sir Hastings Ismay [Chief of Staff to WSC] to WSC answering the complaints of Lieutenant-Colonel John Macnamara [1st London Irish Rifles Division] of 18 Feb; annotated by WSC.
Dates:
23 Feb 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
From the File:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 14 Mar 1941
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/258A/21
Scope and Contents
Minutes from "F.A.L." [F A Lindemann, later 1st Lord Cherwell, Prime Minister's Personal Assistant] to WSC on phosgene gas production and an Air Ministry estimate. [Copies; given running numbers 255 and 255a].
Dates:
14 Mar 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Found in:
Churchill Archives Centre
/
The Papers of Sir Winston Churchill
/
Chartwell Papers
/
Official: Prime Minister
/
Official: Prime Minister: copies of minutes [mostly from F A Lindemann, later 1st Lord Cherwell, Prime Minister's Personal Assistant] to WSC, some with WSC's annotations added in typescript, numbered [by WSC's literary assistant Denis Kelly, ?at the time of the production of WSC's "Second World War"] with a summary of the contents at the start of each part of the file.
Item
(Untitled), 31 Jan 1941
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/258A/78
Scope and Contents
Minute [from F A Lindemann, later 1st Lord Cherwell, Prime Minister's Personal Assistant] to WSC on stocks and output of gas bombs. [Copy; given running number 223].
Dates:
31 Jan 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Found in:
Churchill Archives Centre
/
The Papers of Sir Winston Churchill
/
Chartwell Papers
/
Official: Prime Minister
/
Official: Prime Minister: copies of minutes [mostly from F A Lindemann, later 1st Lord Cherwell, Prime Minister's Personal Assistant] to WSC, some with WSC's annotations added in typescript, numbered [by WSC's literary assistant Denis Kelly, ?at the time of the production of WSC's "Second World War"] with a summary of the contents at the start of each part of the file.
Item
(Untitled), 15 Jan 1941
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/258A/102
Scope and Contents
Minute [from F A Lindemann, later 1st Lord Cherwell, Prime Minister's Personal Assistant] to WSC on hypochlorite and the possibility of gas attacks. [Copy; given running number 206].
Dates:
15 Jan 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Found in:
Churchill Archives Centre
/
The Papers of Sir Winston Churchill
/
Chartwell Papers
/
Official: Prime Minister
/
Official: Prime Minister: copies of minutes [mostly from F A Lindemann, later 1st Lord Cherwell, Prime Minister's Personal Assistant] to WSC, some with WSC's annotations added in typescript, numbered [by WSC's literary assistant Denis Kelly, ?at the time of the production of WSC's "Second World War"] with a summary of the contents at the start of each part of the file.
Item
(Untitled), 05 Apr 1945
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 20/200/58
Scope and Contents
Letter from Richard Stokes [Labour MP for Ipswich, Suffolk] (32, Victoria Street, London, SW1) to WSC stating that he has been told "on good authority" of the intention of the Combined Staffs in Washington to use gas on the Japanese as soon as the war with Germany is over, protesting against this as, "Apart from the principle involved, many hundreds of people in Ipswich lost relatives at Singapore; it would seem quite probable that those of them who are in Japanese hands will be murdered if...
Dates:
05 Apr 1945
Conditions Governing Access:
From the Fonds:
The Churchill Papers are made available to researchers using Churchill Archives Centre and worldwide in digital format. The digital edition of the Churchill Papers is published by Bloomsbury Academic and is available online to subscribing institutions at churchillarchive.com. The Churchill archive is freely available in our reading rooms and onsite at Churchill College (via the Churchill College wireless network). Researchers can download images of documents directly from churchillarchive.com and so are encouraged to consider bringing a laptop or other device for this purpose. For conservation reasons, the fragile originals are no longer issued to researchers.
This digital edition is open to researchers unless otherwise marked in the catalogue. Some material has been closed by the Cabinet Office or by Churchill Archives Centre in accordance with data protection legislation.
Item
(Untitled), 20 Oct 1915
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 2/74/137
Scope and Contents
War Committee notes by WSC on: the need for the troops in Gallipoli to be supplied with new gas respirators; the justification of using gas against the Turks; the opportunity to learn from problems encountered by the French in the recruitment of native troops. Printed copy.
Dates:
20 Oct 1915
Conditions Governing Access:
From the Fonds:
The Churchill Papers are made available to researchers using Churchill Archives Centre and worldwide in digital format. The digital edition of the Churchill Papers is published by Bloomsbury Academic and is available online to subscribing institutions at churchillarchive.com. The Churchill archive is freely available in our reading rooms and onsite at Churchill College (via the Churchill College wireless network). Researchers can download images of documents directly from churchillarchive.com and so are encouraged to consider bringing a laptop or other device for this purpose. For conservation reasons, the fragile originals are no longer issued to researchers.
This digital edition is open to researchers unless otherwise marked in the catalogue. Some material has been closed by the Cabinet Office or by Churchill Archives Centre in accordance with data protection legislation.