Western Front (1914-1918)
Subject
Subject Source: UK Archival Thesaurus
Found in 39 Collections and/or Records:
File
Literary: Articles., 1930
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/281
Scope and Contents
Proofs, newspaper cuttings and research notes for various articles by WSC for the Daily Telegraph: "Fleets of Britain and America" on the naval building programmes of Great Britain and the United States; "Mr Churchill on the abuse of the dole" on WSC's opinions of the dole, the live register of unemployment and national insurance; a series of articles on "The Crucial Crises of the [First World] War" on the Battle of the Marne [France], Admiral [John] De Robeck and the minefields at the...
Dates:
1930
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Literary: articles, News of the World 1., Jan 1936 - Feb 1936
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/541
Scope and Contents
Annotated proofs and press cuttings of the following articles by WSC: "Great Men of Our Time": "Kitchener" on 1st Lord Kitchener of Khartoum [Sudan]; "Admiral Fisher" on 1st Lord Fisher; "King George V"; "Sir John French" on 1st Lord Ypres; "Douglas Haig" on 1st Lord Haig; "Asquith" on 1st Lord Oxford and Asquith [earlier Herbert Asquith].Also includes: "Truth about the Bacon Letters", a cutting of an article by Admiral Sir Reginald Bacon in answer to WSC's article on Fisher.
Dates:
Jan 1936 - Feb 1936
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Literary: Correspondence., 02 Jun 1927 - 11 Dec 1927
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/210
Scope and Contents
Correspondents include: Albert, Bishop of Liverpool; H G Wells praising "The World Crisis" and WSC as a historian (2); [Lord] Curzon [of Kedleston]; [Charles, 9th] Duke of Marlborough about WSC's plans to write about John, 1st Duke of Marlborough; [1st Lord] Beatty [Admiral of the Fleet]; Ernle Chatfield [3rd Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy] about the weaponry of Battle Cruisers as demonstrated in action at Heligoland, Dogger Bank and Jutland; [James] Headlam-Morley [Historical Advisor...
Dates:
02 Jun 1927 - 11 Dec 1927
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Literary: Correspondence concerning WSC's research for Volume 3 of "The World Crisis"., 20 Jan 1926 - 31 Oct 1926
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/203
Scope and Contents
Correspondents include: 1st Lord Beatty, Admiral of the Fleet; James Headlam-Morley [Historical Advisor to the Foreign Office] (2); Kenneth Dewar of the Naval Staff Intelligence Division (5); 1st Lord D'Abernon [earlier Sir Edgar Vincent] (4) on statistics of German casualties (4); Lord Beaverbrook [earlier Sir Max Aitken] (3); Brigadier General James Edmonds of the Military Branch of the Historical Section (13); John Du Cane (3); Sir Maurice Hankey [Secretary to the Committee of Imperial...
Dates:
20 Jan 1926 - 31 Oct 1926
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Literary: Picture Post articles., Mar 1939 - Aug 1939
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/655
Scope and Contents
Includes annotated proofs, galley proofs and cuttings from Picture Post for: "What Britain's Policy Should Be", an interview with WSC in which he gives his views on British foreign policy over the preceding years and at that time, advocates co-operation with France, the United States and the Soviet Union against Germany, comments on the Spanish Civil War, the need to form a broader British government and civil defence; "How the War Began" on the build up to World War I, the assassination of...
Dates:
Mar 1939 - Aug 1939
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Literary: Sunday Chronicle articles by WSC., 02 Jan 1938 - 27 Mar 1938
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/619
Scope and Contents
Includes galley proofs and press cuttings from the Sunday Chronicle for: "I Escape" on WSC's capture by the Boers and details of his subsequent escape; "The Blunder that Beat Germany" on the Battle of the Marne [France]; "The True Story of the Tank" on the development of the tank during World War I, its initial rejection, WSC's intervention, and its first use in action; "When Britain Nearly Starved" on the German submarine campaign during World War I, British anti-submarine warfare, and...
Dates:
02 Jan 1938 - 27 Mar 1938
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Literary: Sunday Chronicle articles by WSC: 1 ("The World Crisis" series)., Oct 1939 - Nov 1939
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/651
Scope and Contents
Includes cuttings from the Chronicle for: "War - from inside the Admiralty" on experiencing naval action at the Admiralty during World War I, and a detailed description of the battle of the Dogger Bank; "U-boats - How the Navy Beat Them" on the morality of submarine warfare, the development of the Q-boat, the U-boat campaign against supply from the United States, and its consequence, the entry of the US into the war; "War on the Western Front" on casualties among the French, Germans and...
Dates:
Oct 1939 - Nov 1939
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Literary: Sunday Chronicle articles by WSC: 1 ("The World Crisis" series)., 07 Jan 1940 - 21 Dec 1940
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/674
Scope and Contents
Includes cuttings from the Chronicle for: "Escort" on transporting troops by sea and British naval policy at the beginning of World War I; "Spring Offensive" on WSC's experiences of the German offensive "Michael"; "40 Days of Hell" on the final German offensive of World War I and Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig's orders to stand firm; "Germany's Vital Bid to Beat Blockade" on the position of Romania during the War; "U-boats versus Q-boats" on British strategy against the German U-boat...
Dates:
07 Jan 1940 - 21 Dec 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Literary: Sunday Chronicle articles by WSC: 2 ("The World Crisis" series)., 03 Mar 1940 - 21 Apr 1940
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/675
Scope and Contents
Includes cuttings from the Chronicle for: "The Man Who Scared the U-Boats" on the convoy system for merchant shipping during World War I; "The German Army Myth" on the first battles on the Western Front; "The French" on the Battle of Verdun [France]; "The Blackest Day of the German Army" on the use of tanks at the Battles of Cambrai and Amiens [both France]; "The Valiant Heart of Man" on the bravery of those who fought in World War I; "Plan for Victory" on British naval strategy at the start...
Dates:
03 Mar 1940 - 21 Apr 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Literary: Sunday Chronicle articles by WSC: 3 ("The World Crisis" series)., 28 Apr 1940 - 08 Jun 1940
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/676
Scope and Contents
Includes cuttings from the Chronicle for: "My Fight for Sea Power" on the strengthening of the Royal Navy in the years immediately preceding the First World War, the development of the 15 inch gun, and working with Admiral of the Fleet 1st Lord Fisher, 1st Sea Lord; "Into the Jaws of Death" on British submarine action in the Dardanelles [Turkey]; "Invasion" on the [first] Battle of the Marne [France]; "Battle of the Tanks" on the development of the tank, and its use at Paschendaele [Belgium]...
Dates:
28 Apr 1940 - 08 Jun 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Literary: Sunday Dispatch articles by WSC: 3., Dec 1939
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/649
Scope and Contents
Includes cuttings from the Sunday Dispatch for: "The Most Thrilling Days I Have Ever Lived" on his experiences as First Lord of the Admiralty, on board the Enchantress, visiting the British Naval Fleet, his threat to resign, and the decision to order the Fleet to its war stations; "With the Kaiser on Parade" on his experiences as Under Secretary of State for the Colonies, viewing the manoeuvres of the German Army in 1906, WSC's impressions of its strength, and his meeting with Young Turks in...
Dates:
Dec 1939
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Literary: Sunday Dispatch articles by WSC: 7., 29 Sep 1940 - 10 Nov 1940
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/671
Scope and Contents
Includes cuttings from the Sunday Dispatch for: "The British Working Man" on WSC's views on the rights and responsibilities of trade unions, strikes, the role of government in industrial disputes, and the birth of the Labour Party; "A Very Great Englishman" on 1st Lord Baden-Powell, his role at the siege of Mafeking [South Africa] and the founding of the Boy Scouts Movement; "The March of Progress" on scientific developments and their effect on mankind from the Stone Age to the mid-twentieth...
Dates:
29 Sep 1940 - 10 Nov 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Literary: various articles by WSC., May 1941 - Dec 1941
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/689
Scope and Contents
Includes cuttings from Liberty for: "U-Boat Menace" on the war on the Western Front during World War I, the Dardanelles [Turkey] campaign, the German U-boat campaign, and the role of the Royal Navy in defeating it; "Tank Tactics" on the development of the tank, its initial rejection, WSC's intervention, and its use in action at the Battles of the Somme and Cambrai [France]; "Our Friendship with America" on misunderstandings with the United States, a history of Anglo-American conflicts,...
Dates:
May 1941 - Dec 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open.
File
Official: Admiralty: Telegrams., 01 Oct 1914 - 01 Nov 1914
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 13/40
Scope and Contents
Telegrams on France, Belgium and the North Sea.
Dates:
01 Oct 1914 - 01 Nov 1914
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Official: Admiralty: Telegrams., 23 Jul 1914 - 26 Dec 1914
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 13/41
Scope and Contents
The telegrams are mainly on the North Sea and Western Front.
Dates:
23 Jul 1914 - 26 Dec 1914
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Official: Cabinet: correspondence and notes on World War I., 17 Feb 1915 - 22 Oct 1915
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 21/37
Scope and Contents
Correspondence includes: [1st Lord] Emmott [First Commissioner of Works] on the fortification of Buckingham Palace against air attacks; Edward Marsh [Private Secretary to WSC]; David Lloyd George [Minister of Munitions] on negotiations between Sir Edward Grey [Foreign Secretary] and Bulgaria and Greece; Austen Chamberlain [Secretary of State for India] on rewards to India after the war; Herbert Asquith [later Lord Oxford and Asquith, Prime Minister]; [Lord] Curzon [of Kedleston, Lord Privy...
Dates:
17 Feb 1915 - 22 Oct 1915
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Official: Cabinet: Dardanelles Committee: war appreciations., 28 May 1915 - 13 Nov 1915
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 21/51
Scope and Contents
Printed papers on various operations including: the Dardanelles by Lord Kitchener [Secretary of State for War]; the situation in the Aegean; several assessments and forecasts of the situation on the Western Front and in the Balkans (by Lieutenant General Sir Archibald Murray, Chief of the Imperial General Staff), and in Syria and Mesopotamia [later Iraq]; the impact of the Dardanelles operation on the conduct of the war; the employment of an allied force in Macedonia [later North Macedonia]...
Dates:
28 May 1915 - 13 Nov 1915
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Official: Cabinet: War Policy Committee: correspondence and papers., Aug 1915 - Oct 1915
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 21/61
Scope and Contents
Correspondents include: Sir Reginald Brade [Secretary, War Office] on machine gun wastage; [Lord] Curzon [of Kedleston, Lord Privy Seal]; [3rd Lord] Selborne [earlier Lord Wolmer] on population calculations and compulsory military service (2); Major General Charles Callwell [Director of Military Operations at the War Office](4); Austen Chamberlain [Secretary of State for India]; Herbert Asquith [later Lord Oxford and Asquith, Prime Minister]; Robert Borden [Prime Minister of Canada] on the...
Dates:
Aug 1915 - Oct 1915
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Official: War Cabinet: Correspondence., 18 Jan 1918 - 03 Oct 1918
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 27/32
Scope and Contents
Correspondents include: David Lloyd George, Prime Minister, on munitions requirements for the Admiralty (1); Sir Eric Geddes [First Lord of the Admiralty] on munitions; Sir Auckland Geddes [Minister of National Service and Reconstruction] on a ministry of supply; and Field-Marshal Sir Douglas Haig [Commander-in-Chief of the Expeditionary Forces in France and Flanders] (2).Also includes copy letters from WSC to the individuals mentioned above including 12 letters to Lloyd George about his...
Dates:
18 Jan 1918 - 03 Oct 1918
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Official: War Council., 09 Aug 1914 - 31 Dec 1914
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 26/1
Scope and Contents
General Correspondence Correspondents include Lord Kitchener, Secretary of State for War, on Yeomanry Organisation, the possible use of Russian troops on the Western Front and at Gallipoli, and his visit to the British Expeditionary Force in France; General Sir John French, (later Lord Ypres) C. in C., British Expeditionary Force on the Western Front; Herbert Asquith (later Lord Oxford and Asquith), Prime Minister, giving permission for WSC to visit Dunkirk to look into Naval matters, but...
Dates:
09 Aug 1914 - 31 Dec 1914
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Official: War Council., Jan 1915 - May 1915
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 26/2
Scope and Contents
General Correspondence.Correspondents include 1st Lord Kitchener, Secretary of State for War, (3) mainly on Russia; General Sir John French [later 1st Lord Ypres] (9), mainly on the Western Front; General Sir Ian Hamilton (8); on the Territorial Army; Major-General William Birdwood, the 2nd London Division and the Dardanelles; F E Smith [later 1st Lord Birkenhead] (2); Herbert Asquith [later 1st Lord Oxford and Asquith], Prime Minister (2), on the War Council and the Dardanelles; David Lloyd...
Dates:
Jan 1915 - May 1915
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Series
Official: War Council, 1914-1915
Series
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 26
Scope and Contents
The War Council was established in November 1914 to direct the overall conduct of the War. This class contains all of WSC's correspondence and papers relating to the discharge of this responsibility except those relating to the Admiralty and certain other specific bodies such as the Cabinet and its various committees. The two correspondence files (26/1 and 26/2) contain valuable correspondence with Lord Kitchener, Secretary of State for War and General Sir John French [later 1st Lord Ypres],...
Dates:
1914-1915
Conditions Governing Access:
From the Fonds:
The Churchill Papers are made available to researchers using Churchill Archives Centre and worldwide in digital format. The digital edition of the Churchill Papers is published by Bloomsbury Academic and is available online to subscribing institutions at churchillarchive.com. The Churchill archive is freely available in our reading rooms and onsite at Churchill College (via the Churchill College wireless network). Researchers can download images of documents directly from churchillarchive.com and so are encouraged to consider bringing a laptop or other device for this purpose. For conservation reasons, the fragile originals are no longer issued to researchers.
This digital edition is open to researchers unless otherwise marked in the catalogue. Some material has been closed by the Cabinet Office or by Churchill Archives Centre in accordance with data protection legislation.
Item
(Untitled), 10 Dec 1914
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 13/27A/45-49
Scope and Contents
Letter from WSC [First Lord of the Admiralty] to Field Marshal Sir John French [Chief of Imperial General Staff, later 1st Lord Ypres], on a naval bombardment to support the advance of the Army on Ostende, Belgium, suggesting that the Navy attack Zeebrugge, the base of the German submarines, at the same time. Also includes Admiralty memorandum sketching out naval support for the army. [Hand-written drafts, initialled by WSC].
Dates:
10 Dec 1914
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 15 Dec 1914
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 13/27A/60
Scope and Contents
Telegram from Field Marshal Sir John French [Chief of Imperial General Staff, later 1st Lord Ypres] to Field Marshal 1st Lord Kitchener [Secretary of State for War], stating that the naval support of the Army's attack on Ostende [Belgium] had been "most useful". French recommends that the same co-operation be given the next day, with note by WSC, confirming that naval co-operation would be continued. [Initialled by WSC].
Dates:
15 Dec 1914
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
Item
(Untitled), 26 Dec 1914
Item
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 13/27A/61
Scope and Contents
Telegram from Field Marshal Sir John French [Chief of Imperial General Staff, later 1st Lord Ypres] to Field Marshal 1st Lord Kitchener [Secretary of State for War], stating that the advance along the Belgian coast from Nieuport was not as fast as hoped, and asking for surprise bombardment by monitor and big gun ships. [Typescript copy].
Dates:
26 Dec 1914
Conditions Governing Access:
Open