Pitt-Rivers (GPR) was a large Dorset landowner and anthropological researcher. After being wounded in the First World War he turned his attentions to science, travelling to the South Pacific in the early 1920s and later producing a volume on the 'Clash of Cultures' he witnessed there. It was also in this period that he became interested in the work of Friedrich Nietzsche and made the acquaintance of Oscar Levy, the first English translator of his work, with whom GPR maintained a long relationship and correspondence about the major political issues of the day. In addition to anthropology, GPR was deeply interested in eugenics and was a long-standing member and officer of the London-based Eugenics Society, with which he eventually clashed. In the early 1930s he became increasingly involved in politics, helping establish the Anti-Tithe movement in Dorset and founding the Wessex Agricultural Defence Association. He ran for Parliament as an independent candidate in the 1935 general election, earning fewer than two-thousand votes and losing his deposit, though beating the Labour candidate. This campaign also took him into the circles of the far right, and he established contacts within the British Union of Fascists. As the 1930s went on he became increasingly interested in German National Socialism, travelling to the country on numerous occasions and lecturing on British fascism and eugenics in German universities. His correspondence files reflect a deep affinity for the tenets of Nazism, and he wrote Hitler personal congratulations on his successes in 1938 (in PIRI 1/5/4). He also attended the 1937 Nuremberg Rally as a guest of the regime. After the outbreak of the Second World War these contacts came back to haunt him, and in 1940 he was arrested and interned under defence regulation 18B as a possible threat to national security. He was eventually released from captivity due to medical problems stemming from his extensive First World War wounds, and in the post-war world he appears to have been little involved in politics or science, though his research notes indicate that he was preparing manuscripts on a vast number of topics including the Nuremberg trials of Nazi war criminals, of which he disapproved. He died in 1966.