Skip to main content Skip to search results

Showing Collections: 1 - 25 of 64

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
 Fonds

[5 photographs of Auckland. c.1897]

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089P
Scope and Contents

Loose photographs, some captioned, measuring approximately 210 x 150 mm, and showing views of Auckland and Waitemata Harbour.

Dates: 1897
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

[A photograph of a drawing of Napier in 1864]

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089O
Scope and Contents

A print, mounted on card, and measuring 142 x 100 mm, with a caption stating 'Napier, N.Z. 1864' and signed 'E.J. Mountier. 1894'. The photograph is a reproduction of a painting of the young settlement viewed from an overlooking hill, with the sea at the left and houses and enclosed land in the foreground.

Dates: 1894
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Among the Maoris (MSS 89) [now RCMS 301]

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089R
Scope and Contents Containing a journal of 18 typescript pages, 11 small watercolours and photographs. The prints measure approximately 200 x 150 mm. Photographs are captioned on the prints, and also have handwritten captions stuck to the prints. Photographers unknown with the exception of 11, by A. Martin of Wanganui.The journal (author unknown) describes a six month holiday in New Zealand taken by the writer and her husband, arriving in New Zealand in December 1898. The journal is chiefly...
Dates: 1899
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Articles from 'The Field'

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/RCMS 322
Scope and Contents Ten volumes of cuttings from 'The field', including a few articles from other publications, and loose cuttings concerning the Malay Peninsula. The volumes concern countries throughout the world, but in particular Australia, British East Africa (Kenya), Canada, India, New Zealand, Nigeria, Rhodesia, South Africa, Uganda, United States and the West Indies. The articles cover a wide range of subjects, including administration, agriculture, the British Empire, climate, colonisation,...
Dates: 1888 - 1921
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Ascension, West Africa, New Zealand, etc

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3011III
Scope and Contents A collection including scenes from Ascension, Canary Islands, Madeira, Egypt, Brazil, New Zealand, Japan, Senegambia, Sierra Leone, the U.K., Gibraltar and Norway. The arrangement is a random one, but is seems likely that the left-hand photographs, one of Norway, the remainder definitely or probably New Zealand, were inserted later than those on the right. 108-113 are loose prints. The following is a list of the locations:New Zealand: 1, 12, 14, 16, 18Possibly New Zealand: 3, 7,...
Dates: 1850 - 1900
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Australasia miscellanea

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/RCMS 278
Scope and Contents

A wide range of material concerning different parts of Australasia, but mainly Australia and New Zealand. Some of the collections are comprised of single items, such as pictures and maps. There are also a significant number of photocopies or photographs of original material. One of the collections is in Maori; the others are in English.

Dates: 1810 - 1988
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Australia, New Zealand, Sandwich Islands [i.e. Hawaiian Islands], 1886

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y308O
Scope and Contents Album of prints measuring approximately 200 x 250 mm or 285 x 220 mm, generally one to a page and most with typed captions. There are also two loose photographs inserted into the back of the album. Subjects include: Government House in Sydney, Kangaroo hunting in New South Wales, the National Park in NSW, Auckland Harbour in New Zealand, Lake Rotomahana, Maori portraits, Onemea Bay in Hawaii, a surf boat, an Hawaiian house, hula hula dancers, His Majesty King Kalakana and staff, and Fijian...
Dates: 1886
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Boosé Scrapbooks

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3011YY
Scope and Contents

A collection of scrapbooks containing press cuttings, correspondance, photographs, tickets, invitations, menus and programmes.

Dates: 1912 - 1922
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Buildings in Auckland

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089L
Scope and Contents

Prints mounted on card and measuring approximately 255 x 190 mm. With handwritten captions beneath each print.

Dates: 1860 - 1879
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Central Office of Information photograph collection

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/COI
Scope and Contents The collection comprises twenty-three boxes of photographs and thirty boxes plus one file of negatives. The majority of photographs are of Heads of Government, meetings and other conferences held in the U.K; conferences leading to constitutional progress and, in most cases, independence, of individual countries; visitors from overseas including those training in the U.K; and organisations, exhibitions etc., in the U.K. relating to the Commonwealth. Most were taken by COI...
Dates: 1948 - 1987
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Chateau Tongariro and Tongariro National Park, New Zealand

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089X
Scope and Contents

A collection of loose prints measuring approximately 80 x 60 mm, captioned in the negative. The prints are a commercial souvenir set contained in a printed envelope. Photographs by New Zealand Tourist Department.

Dates: 1950
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Cochin

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3022PPP-YYY
Scope and Contents A collection of albums containing photographs, the majority taken by A.C. McKay but some by R.V. Kamath and by professional photographers.The collection consists of photographs mostly 85 x 60 mm, but with occasional enlargements, carefully mounted in large albums and described in some detail in clear white writing on the black leaves. Each album is numbered on the spine, and clearly formed part of a larger collection than has been received.McKay was a prolific photographer,...
Dates: 1928 - 1939
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Commonwealth in Focus Slides

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3011GGG
Scope and Contents Collection of 35mm colour slides of countries of the Commonwealth. When the 'Commonwealth in Focus' exhibition was being prepared it was felt that the strong emphasis on the historical aspect, and the fact that the only section on the contemporary Commonwealth dealt with broad issues and organisations rather than individual countries, made some additional material on contemporary developments desirable. Accordingly it was decided to have a continuous slide projection of contemporary...
Dates: 1982
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Commonwealth Royal Tour, 1953-1954

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/RCMS 320
Scope and Contents

The principal part of the collection is a set of programmes and guides prepared for the different legs of the Royal Tour. These are supplemented by related correspondence and papers compiled by the Royal Empire Society and others. The collection is in English with the exception of one item in English and Arabic.

Dates: 1953 - 1954
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Cruise of the Yacht St George, 1880s-92

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3011P
Scope and Contents

A collection of loose modern prints measuring approximately 245 x 180 mm. This prints were copied from an album containing 53 prints compiled during the voyage. Included with the prints are xeroxes of the original explanatory captions. The R.Y.S. 'St George' was owned by Ernest James Wythes (1868-1949); the compiler and/or photographer has not been identified.

Dates: 1979
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Departure from Auckland Harbour

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089N
Scope and Contents

Uncaptioned mounted prints, measuring approximately 200 x 80 mm. These three photographs are a series of consecutive pictures showing the departure of two steampowered battleships, dressed overall with flags, from Waitemata Harbour. The precise occasion has not been determined.

Dates: 1895
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Destruction of Nelson Boys' College

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089DD
Scope and Contents

Greetings card with montage of four scenes of the fire at Nelson Boys' College on the 7th December, 1904, and portrait of J.G.M. Jacobsen, builder 1850.

Dates: 1904-12-07
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Dominions Royal Commission diary letters

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/RCMS 17
Scope and Contents

Manuscript letters written by Harding on his overseas visits with the Royal Commission, 1913-1916; a typescript transcript of the letters, made in 1988, 1 volume; several pages of notes; and 'Royal Commonwealth Society library notes', nos 115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125 and 127.

Dates: 1913 - 1988
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Empire Settlement Tour

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/RCMS 353
Scope and Contents

Kelsey’s record of the tour includes two volumes of daily diaries, a photograph album, loose photographs, eight boxes of lantern slides, a map, and a file of ephemera.

Dates: 1928
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

F.G. Banks photographs

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3011ZZ
Scope and Contents

The photographs are housed at RCMS 167. Captions are from information supplied by H.B. Thomas and C.R.S. Pitman.

Dates: 1880 - 1952
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Fisher photograph collection

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Fisher
Scope and Contents Collection of 29 albums consisting of approximately 3864 photographs taken or collected by A.H. Fisher for the Colonial Office Visual Instruction Committee 1907-1910. The numbering of the collection is problematic and details are provided for each separate album. Photographers: Some of the names which appear are:Hutchins: donor of some photographs of India, but not otherwise identifiedFirebrace: donor of some photographs of India, but not otherwise identifiedRighi: ...
Dates: 1900 - 1910
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Glimpses of New Zealand

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089J
Scope and Contents

An album containing 39 mounted black and white prints, measuring approximately 195 x 140 mm, and 11 coloured reproductions of scenes in New Zealand. All the photographs are mounted on thin card which has printed on it a caption followed by descriptive notes on the picture. The album contains an advertisement for holidays in New Zealand.

Dates: 1925
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

'Henry Selfe Selfe and Canterbury': MA thesis

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/RCMS 302
Scope and Contents

'Henry Selfe Selfe and the origins and early development of Canterbury', a M.A. thesis for the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, 298 pages.

Dates: 1972
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Huiarua Station, East Coast, New Zealand, 23,500 acres

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089K
Scope and Contents

An album containing 95 snapshot photographs with handwritten captions beneath, most measuring approximately 105 x 60 mm, and depicting life on a New Zealand sheep station. The album also contains 2 loose uncaptioned prints. Although an amateur family album, the pictures give an interesting and varied record of the sheep farmer's life and work. Huiarua is situated in the east coast district of the North Island between Opotiki and Gisborne.

Dates: 1930
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
 Fonds

Irvine Kempt Nicol Postcard Collection

 Fonds
Reference Code: GBR/0115/RCS/Y3089EE
Dates: 1920 - 1929
Conditions Governing Access: Unless restrictions apply, the collection is open for consultation by researchers using the Manuscripts Reading Room at Cambridge University Library. For further details on conditions governing access please contact mss@lib.cam.ac.uk. Information about opening hours and obtaining a Cambridge University Library reader's ticket is available from the Library's website (www.lib.cam.ac.uk).
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3

Filtered By

  • Subject: New Zealand (nation) X

Filter Results

Additional filters:

Subject
Australia (nation) 24
North and Central America (continent) 21
Asia (continent) 17
Africa (continent) 16
Canada (nation) 15
∨ more
Europe (continent) 15
Sri Lanka (nation) 11
India (nation) 10
United Kingdom (nation) 10
United States (nation) 10
Fiji (nation) 8
South Africa (nation) 8
China (nation) 6
Kenya (nation) 6
Uganda (nation) 6
British Isles (island group) 5
England (country) 5
Ghana (nation) 5
Jamaica (nation) 5
Malaysia (nation) 5
Sierra Leone (nation) 5
South America (continent) 5
West Indies (archipelago) 5
Zambia (nation) 5
Botswana (nation) 4
Cyprus (nation) 4
Dominica (nation) 4
Egypt (nation) 4
Gibraltar (dependent state) 4
Great Britain (island) 4
Japan (nation) 4
Malawi (nation) 4
Malay Archipelago (general region) 4
Malta (nation) 4
Nigeria (nation) 4
Samoa (nation) 4
Tanzania (nation) 4
Tonga (nation) 4
Trinidad and Tobago (nation) 4
Barbados (nation) 3
Bermuda (dependent state) 3
Cyprus (island) 3
France (nation) 3
Gambia (nation) 3
Indonesia (nation) 3
Lesotho (nation) 3
Lesser Antilles (island group) 3
North Island (island) 3
Norway (nation) 3
Pakistan (nation) 3
Panama (nation) 3
Papua New Guinea (nation) 3
Singapore (nation) 3
Swaziland (nation) 3
Vanuatu (nation) 3
Windward Islands (island group) 3
Yemen (nation) 3
Zimbabwe (nation) 3
Antigua and Barbuda (nation) 2
Bangladesh (nation) 2
Belize (nation) 2
Bosnia and Hercegovina (nation) 2
Brazil (nation) 2
British West Indies (general region) 2
Brunei (nation) 2
Greater Antilles (island group) 2
Grenada (island) 2
Guyana (nation) 2
Hong Kong (administrative region) 2
Italy (nation) 2
Leeward Islands (island group) 2
Malta (island) 2
Mexico (nation) 2
Nepal (nation) 2
New Caledonia (dependent state) 2
New Guinea (island) 2
Palestine (historic region) 2
Persia (historic region) 2
Pitcairn (dependent state) 2
Rhodesia (region (general)) 2
Saint Helena (dependent state) 2
Saint Kitts (island) 2
Saint Lucia (nation) 2
Saint Vincent (island) 2
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (nation) 2
Samoa Islands (island group) 2
Senegal (nation) 2
Seychelles (nation) 2
Singapore (inhabited place) 2
Solomon Islands (nation) 2
Spain (nation) 2
Sudan (nation) 2
Tasmania (state) 2
Adan (governate) 1
Adan (inhabited place) 1
American Samoa (dependent state) 1
Angola (nation) 1
Antigua (island) 1
+ ∧ less
 
Language
Arabic 1
German 1
Maori 1
 
Names
Royal Commonwealth Society 4
Crombie, John Nicol, 1827 -1878 (photographer) 2
Fisher, Alfred Hugh, 1867 -1945 (artist and photographer) 2
Great Britain. Colonial Office. Visual Instruction Committee 2
Alexander, John Abercromby, 1854 (forester) 1
∨ more
Banks, Frederick Grant, 1875 - 1954 (trader and planter) 1
Best, Margaret Mary, 1872 - 1941 1
Boosé, James Rufus, 1859 - 1936 1
British Association 1
Brittain, Henry Ernest (Harry), 1873-1974) 1
Burton Brothers (fl. 1868-1898) (photographers) 1
Day, Sir (Albert Cecil, 1885-1963, Knight and civil servant) 1
Deveril, Herbert, fl. 1873-1885 (photographer) 1
Elizabeth, II, 1926-2022 (Queen of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) 1
Elsy, R, fl1880 - 1889 1
Gilmour, Thomas Lennox, 1859 - 1936 (journalist) 1
Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Central Office of Information 1
Greenaway, Richard, fl1972 - 1980 (family historian and librarian) 1
Griffiths, R C, fl1950 1
Hands, Alfred Watson, 1849 - 1927 (architect, numismatist and clergyman) 1
Hanna, J R, fl. 1883-1895 (photographer) 1
Harding, Sir (Edward John, 1880-1954, Knight, colonial administrator) 1
Heaphy, Charles, ?1821 - 1881 (New Zealand official) 1
Isle's Photo Finishing Service 1
Johnston, Douglas Hope, 1874 - 1957 1
Jones, F N, fl1904 (photographer) 1
Jones, Theodora Eyton (c 1890-1975) 1
Lewis, J J, fl. 1899 (photographer) 1
McKay, Alan Campbell, 1904 - 1984 (banker) 1
Mundy, Daniel Louis, fl. 1858-1873 (photographer) 1
Nettleton, Charles, 1832-1902 (photographer) 1
New Zealand. Government Tourist and Health Resorts Department 1
New Zealand. Tourist Department 1
Philip, b, 1921 (Duke of Edinburgh, consort of Queen Elizabeth II) 1
Phillip, Arthur, 1738 - 1814 (Vice Admiral, colonial governor) 1
Royal Colonial Institute 1
Royal Empire Society Library 1
Royal Geographical Society 1
Sedgwick, Thomas E, 1929 1
Selfe, Henry Selfe, 1810 - 1870 (magistrate) 1
Smedley, Harold, Sir, 1920 - 2004 (Knight, diplomat) 1
Thornhill family 1
Thornhill, Cudbert Beaufoy, 1843 - 1904 1
Thornhill, Edward August, 1848 1
Thornhill, George John, 1842 - 1915 1
Thornhill, William Robert, 1847 1
Walker, George Lemon, 1849 - 1901 (Lieutenant Colonel) 1
+ ∧ less