Sir John Milner Gray (1889-1970) was educated at Dover College, Perse School and King's College, Cambridge. After training as a solicitor, he joined the Colonial Administrative Service in Uganda in 1920. He was transferred to Gambia in 1934, where he became Judge of the Supreme Court, and was Governor in 1935 and 1940. He became Chief Justice of Zanzibar in 1943, and was knighted the following year. After his retirement, in 1952, Gray remained in Zanzibar to carry out research in the Consular archives. He moved back to Cambridge in 1960, where he died in 1970.

During his time in Africa, Gray investigated the untouched parts of the continent, taking a particular interest in local languages, and publishing his findings in the 'Uganda journal' and 'Tanganyika notes and records'. He was the author of 'A history of the Gambia', 'The British in Mombasa, 1824-1826', 'Early Portuguese missionaries in East Africa', and a 'History of Zanzibar from the Middle Ages to 1856'.