Peter Nielsen was a retired Magistrate and Native Commissioner who sought Lord Lugard's aid in publishing his book 'The colour bar', in which 'I have given my testimony, based on a lifetime of experience and study, as to whether the natives of Africa can be considered worthy of human rank equal to that assumed by their white masters, and I believe that you will find this testimony to be in agreement with your own convictions'. Frederick John Dealtry Lugard (1858-1945), Baron Lugard, was born on 22 January 1858 at Fort St George, Madras. He attended Rossall School and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and was commissioned in the Norfolk Regiment in 1878. He served in the Afghan War, 1879-1880, Sudan, 1885, and Burma, 1886-1887. In 1889 he joined the British East Africa Company, and the following year he was sent to Uganda, where he secured a treaty with the Kabaka of Buganda. Lugard returned to England in 1892, and in 1894 he helped to persuade the British government to establish a protectorate in Uganda. He was made British Commissioner in the Nigerian hinterland in 1897, where he established the West African Frontier Force, and was High Commissioner in Northern Nigeria, 1900-1906. Lugard was the Governor of Hong Kong, 1907-1912, and played a key role in the founding of Hong Kong University in 1911. He returned to Africa in 1912 as Governor of North and South Nigeria, and was Governor-General of the united Nigeria, 1914-1919. Lugard was a member of the Permanent Mandates Commission of the League of Nations, 1922-1936, and of the Colonial Advisory Committee on Education, 1923-1936. He was created baron in 1928. He died on 11 April 1945 at Abinger Common, Surrey.