Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer, Sir, 1874 - 1965 (Knight, statesman and historian)
Person
Dates
- Existence: 1874 - 1965
Found in 33 Collections and/or Records:
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Literary: Sunday Chronicle articles by WSC., 02 Jan 1938 - 27 Mar 1938
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 8/619
Scope and Contents
Includes galley proofs and press cuttings from the Sunday Chronicle for: "I Escape" on WSC's capture by the Boers and details of his subsequent escape; "The Blunder that Beat Germany" on the Battle of the Marne [France]; "The True Story of the Tank" on the development of the tank during World War I, its initial rejection, WSC's intervention, and its first use in action; "When Britain Nearly Starved" on the German submarine campaign during World War I, British anti-submarine warfare, and...
Dates:
02 Jan 1938 - 27 Mar 1938
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Public and Political: General: Correspondence., 16 Oct 1938 - 31 Dec 1938
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 2/334
Scope and Contents
Correspondents include: Thomas Magnay; Robert Boothby; "Eddie" [6th Lord Winterton, earlier Lord Turnour]; Anthony Eden [later 1st Lord Avon] (? 2); Lewis Namier; Neville Chamberlain [Prime Minister]; [Henry] Wickham Steed on a proposition for an international union by Clarence Streit; Alan Lennox-Boyd [later 1st Lord Boyd of Merton]; Roy Harrod on the faults of national government; [Lauchlan] MacNeill Weir; Edward Heath, President, Oxford Union Society; Sir Roger Keyes (2); Josiah Wedgwood;...
Dates:
16 Oct 1938 - 31 Dec 1938
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Public and Political: General: Personal Office: Correspondence L - Q., 28 Jul 1939 - 20 May 1940
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 2/366
Scope and Contents
Correspondents, mainly congratulating WSC on his appointment as First Lord of the Admiralty, and on his broadcasts (1 October ["The first month of war"] and 12 November ["Ten weeks of war"]) include: George Lambton; Sir Walter Layton on reactions to WSC's description of the Germans as Huns; Frederick Leathers; "Charley" [7th Lord Londonderry, earlier Lord Castlereagh] on subjects including his differences with [Neville Chamberlain], Prime Minister, on foreign policy, the results of WSC's...
Dates:
28 Jul 1939 - 20 May 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Public and Political: General: Private and Personal: Correspondence Q - Roo., 09 Dec 1940 - 18 Mar 1958
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 2/196
Scope and Contents
Correspondents include: 1st Lord Quickswood [earlier Lord Hugh Cecil] on subjects including WSC's career, chances of war with the Soviet Union, and WSC's speeches (6); Admiral Arthur Radford; Prince Rainier of Monaco (2); Raja Sir Maharaj Singh; Habib Rahimtoola, Governor of Sind, Pakistan; J Arthur Rank, Chairman, Rank Organisation Limited, on a film about Douglas Bader; Helen Reid [Chairman], New York Herald Tribune, on the Herald Tribune Forum; 1st Lord Reith, former Chairman, Imperial...
Dates:
09 Dec 1940 - 18 Mar 1958
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Public and Political: General: Royal Navy and Fleet Air Arm., 11 Feb 1936 - 21 Dec 1936
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 2/272
Scope and Contents
Correspondents include: 1st Lord Lloyd [of Dolobran, President of the Navy League] on WSC speaking to the League (2); Sir John Thornycroft [President and Director, J I Thornycroft and Company Limited] on his firm's designs for an aircraft carrier and anti-submarine craft and cuts in the shipbuilding industry (with a description of the anti-submarine craft); Maitland Boucher [former member of the Naval Air Division] on meeting WSC about the Fleet Air Arm (3); Vice-Admiral Sir Reginald...
Dates:
11 Feb 1936 - 21 Dec 1936
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Public and Political: General: Visits and invitations: United States (January - March 1946) N - R., 29 Nov 1945 - 17 May 1946
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 2/229
Scope and Contents
Correspondents on WSC's visit include: James Angell, Public Service Counsellor, National Broadcasting Company Incorporated [NBC] on recordings of WSC's speeches (2); Gilbert Grosvenor, President, National Geographic Society, on maps given to WSC; Bruce Bliven, President, New Republic magazine, on a special Franklin Roosevelt issue (2); Douglas Robey, British Vice-Consul, New York, on subjects including a reception for WSC (5); Sir Francis Evans [British Consul-General, New York] (3);...
Dates:
29 Nov 1945 - 17 May 1946
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons and Non-House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 15 Nov 1949 - 30 May 1951
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/41A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (10 April 1951, House of Commons) entitled "Budget Proposals and Economic Survey" on the results of devaluation, the Government's use of high taxation to meet the cost of rearmament instead of curbing spending, and the general mismanagement of the economy. Source material includes notes by "Prof" [1st Lord Cherwell, earlier F A Lindemann] on subjects including the balance of trade, British war debts and the inadvisability of consulting the Empire over the...
Dates:
15 Nov 1949 - 30 May 1951
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons and others: speech notes and source material [all dates below are 1938]., 1938 - 1939
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/130A-D
Scope and Contents
Notes for WSC's speech (30 June) entitled "The Sandys storm" supporting the motion to set up a Select Committee to enquire into a complaint by Duncan Sandys concerning anti-aircraft defences. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 5985-90.Notes for an unused speech (July) on agricultural policy, free trade, and the dangers to sea trade in time of war. Notes for WSC's speeches (11 and 19 July) entitled "The Sandys storm" on the report of the Committee of Privileges concerning an alleged breach of...
Dates:
1938 - 1939
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and other material., 22 Jan 1941 - 07 May 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/146A-B
Scope and Contents
Notes for WSC's speech (22 January) entitled "A dark and deadly valley" on the structure of government during wartime, the roles of the Minister of Defence and the Minister for Reconstruction, the needs of the army and military production. Also includes copy of Hansard containing the text of WSC's speech and others in the debate on production, supply and manpower. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6331-8. Hansard copy of the debate on the conduct of Robert Boothby (28 January) including...
Dates:
22 Jan 1941 - 07 May 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and other material., 20 May 1941 - 25 Jun 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/147A-B
Scope and Contents
Hansard copies of WSC's statements (20 May) on victory in Abyssinia [Ethiopia], action at Sollum [Egypt], and the German attack on Crete [Greece]. Also includes cuttings from the Daily Telegraph and the Times reporting WSC's statements. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6401-3.Hansard copy of WSC's statement (21 May) on the attack on Crete.Hansard copy of WSC's statement (22 May) on heavy fighting in the battle for Crete. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6403-4.Hansard copy of WSC's...
Dates:
20 May 1941 - 25 Jun 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and other material., 09 Jul 1941 - 01 Oct 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/148A-B
Scope and Contents
Hansard copies of WSC's statements (9 July) on the occupation of Iceland by United States troops, the appeal for arms from Eire (Southern Ireland [Ireland]) to the United States, and British losses in Syria. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6446-7.Notes for WSC's statement (15 July) on the production debate, the Anglo-Soviet Agreement against Germany, its effect on Poland, and the end of the Syrian campaign. Also includes relevant extract from Hansard. Part published: Complete Speeches...
Dates:
09 Jul 1941 - 01 Oct 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and source material., 27 Feb 1940 - 13 May 1940
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/139A-B
Scope and Contents
Notes for WSC's speech (27 February) on supplementary navy estimates, protecting merchant and fishing vessels from U-boats, the strength of the Fleet, and naval losses. Also includes cutting from the Daily Telegraph reporting WSC's speech and relevant extract from Hansard. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 6194-8.Incomplete notes for WSC's speech (11 April) on the German invasion of Norway and Denmark and the naval battle off Norway. Also includes relevant extract from Hansard. Published:...
Dates:
27 Feb 1940 - 13 May 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 22 Jan 1941 - 22 Apr 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/177A-D
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (22 January) entitled "A dark and deadly valley" on the structure of government during wartime, the roles of the Minister of Defence and the Minister for Reconstruction, the needs of the army and military production. Source material includes correspondence from: Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the Cabinet] (5), Charles Hendriks, Clement Attlee [Lord Privy Seal], William Beveridge, Ernest Bevin [Minister of Labour and National Service] and notes from Eric Seal...
Dates:
22 Jan 1941 - 22 Apr 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 30 Apr 1941 - 10 Jun 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/178A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for statement by WSC (30 April) on the evacuation of Empire forces from Greece, giving details of casualties. Published: Complete Speeches VI, p 6385.Speech notes for WSC's speech (7 May) on the war situation including: a Vote of Confidence in parliament; events and operations in Greece, the Balkans, and Libya including the defence of Tobruk against forces under Field Marshal Erwin Rommel; a comparison of Hitler with Napoleon; production of tanks; the Battle of the Atlantic and...
Dates:
30 Apr 1941 - 10 Jun 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 25 Jun 1941 - 09 Sep 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/179A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (25 June) in a secret session debate on shipping, the Battle of the Atlantic, merchant shipping losses, imports and the threat posed by U-Boats. Source material includes correspondence from Sir Andrew Hardinge [Private Secretary to King George VI] (2), Eric Speed (2), Percy Cudlipp, editor of the Daily Herald, and Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the War Cabinet] (2); copies of correspondence from Leslie Rowan [Principal Private Secretary to WSC]; and an extract...
Dates:
25 Jun 1941 - 09 Sep 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 30 Sep 1941 - 11 Dec 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/180A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for statement by WSC (30 September) on the war situation including: the threat posed by Hitler, WSC's intention not to publish shipping losses to U-Boats, food and rations, the strength of the United States and the Soviet Union, Germany's attack on the Soviet Union, the army and Bomber Command, and events and operations in Persia [Iran]. Also includes correspondence from 1st Lord Woolton [earlier Frederick Marquis] Minister of Food, Frank Wood, and Major-General Bernard Paget,...
Dates:
30 Sep 1941 - 11 Dec 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 27 Jan 1942 - 13 Apr 1942
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/183A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (29 January) winding up a debate on the war situation and responding to parliamentary questions on subjects including: the vote of confidence in the government; general policy in the Far East; the defence of Singapore and Malaya [later Malaysia]; the scorched earth policy at Penang; the conduct of the war; and troops and supplies in India. Also includes correspondence from Oliver Locker-Lampson; Percy Harris; Sir Arnold Gridley; Colin Thornley [Principal Private...
Dates:
27 Jan 1942 - 13 Apr 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 23 Apr 1942 - 02 Jun 1942
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/184A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (23 April) in secret session on the war situation including: Japan's entry into the war; setbacks including battleship losses; defence of the Admiralty over the escape of the German battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau; events and operations in the Far East, the Middle East and the Soviet Union; air battles including the bombing of Germany; and aircraft and ship production. Also includes correspondence from: Maurice Dean [Assistant Under Secretary of State,...
Dates:
23 Apr 1942 - 02 Jun 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 06 May 1942 - 02 Jul 1942
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/185A-D
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (2 July) on the central direction of the war including: setbacks in Egypt and Cyrenaica [Libya] including the fall of Tobruk to forces under Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and WSC's confidence in General Claude Auchinleck [Commander-in-Chief Middle East]; press coverage of the war and the freedom of war correspondents; his meeting with President Roosevelt and the strength of the alliance with the United States; ship-building and the production and deployment of...
Dates:
06 May 1942 - 02 Jul 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 10 Aug 1942 - 17 Feb 1943
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/190A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (11 February) on the war situation including: the U Boat war; losses on all fronts; ship-building in the United States; decisions made at the Casablanca [Morocco] with President Roosevelt; a tribute to the achievements of General Sir Harold Alexander as Commander in Chief Middle East and General Sir Bernard Montgomery as General Officer commanding the 8th Army; support for Turkey; his visit to Cyprus, Cairo [Egypt] and Tripoli [Italy]; events and operations in...
Dates:
10 Aug 1942 - 17 Feb 1943
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 30 Mar 1943 - 08 Jun 1943
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/191A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for a speech by WSC (not used) and part of a broadcast about India on calls for Indian independence, the achievements of the Indian army, Gandhi's fast and WSC's illness. Part of the notes form an unused section of WSC's broadcast of 21 March 1943 [see CHAR 9/193]. Source material includes correspondence from Leo Amery, Secretary of State for India and Burma [later Myanmar] (3), Francis Turnbull [Principal Private Secretary to Secretary of State for India] (2); a pamphlet on...
Dates:
30 Mar 1943 - 08 Jun 1943
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 27 Jul 1943 - 13 Oct 1943
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/192A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (27 July) on the fall of Mussolini including an assessment of his regime and the principles to be used in negotiations with Italy; and also on events and operations in the Soviet Union and the bombing of Germany. Also includes correspondence from 1st Lord Halifax [earlier Edward Wood and Lord Irwin, British Ambassador to the United States]; Francis Keenlyside [Assistant Secretary in charge of Shipping Policy]; Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the Cabinet]; and...
Dates:
27 Jul 1943 - 13 Oct 1943
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 20 Feb 1945 - 15 May 1945
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/206A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes and Hansard notes for WSC's speech (27 February) on the Yalta [Soviet Union] conference including: the importance of the House of Commons backing the government; agreements reached on shipping and military operations; the decision to exclude France from the meeting; the United Nations; discussion of the boundaries of Poland and his support for the Soviet Union's claim to the Curzon line; and his visits with Anthony Eden [later 1st Lord Avon] Foreign Secretary, to Egypt and...
Dates:
20 Feb 1945 - 15 May 1945
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: miscellaneous biblical, literary, and historical quotations, and notes for use in speeches by WSC, in a file marked: "Keep handy for the Prime Minister"., 16 Nov 1937 - 1945
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/127
Scope and Contents
Includes notes and correspondence from: Kathleen Hill and Maud Stanley [Secretaries to WSC]; John Rodgers [Ministry of Information]; Ernest Brown [Minister of Health]; John Martin [Prime Minister's Principal Private Secretary] sending on material for a speech on shipping losses. Also includes material from unused speeches on confidence in WSC's government (January 1942) and the possibility of the invasion of Britain (no date); cutting from the Daily Telegraph of a letter from Harold Smith;...
Dates:
16 Nov 1937 - 1945
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 09 Jan 1941 - 27 Apr 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/181A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (9 January, Pilgrim's Society Luncheon, Savoy Hotel, London) entitled "United States co-operation" proposing a toast to Lord Halifax [earlier Edward Wood and Lord Irwin] on his appointment as British Ambassador to the United States and on the death of [11th] Lord Lothian [earlier Philip Kerr]. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6327-9.BBC broadcast by WSC (9 February) entitled "Give us the tools" on the war situation including: the repulsion of the threat of...
Dates:
09 Jan 1941 - 27 Apr 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open