Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer, Sir, 1874 - 1965 (Knight, statesman and historian)
Person
Dates
- Existence: 1874 - 1965
Found in 95 Collections and/or Records:
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and source material., 22 Feb 1938 - 24 Mar 1938
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/128
Scope and Contents
Notes for WSC's speech (22 February) on [Anthony] Eden's [later 1st Lord Avon] resignation as Foreign Secretary, Eden's achievements, relations with Italy, and past foreign policy mistakes, which includes the phrase "This has been a good week for Dictators". Source material includes text from the Daily Telegraph on the Italian view of Eden, and a cutting on German reaction to international press criticism. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 5911-7.Rough notes for WSC's speech (28 February)...
Dates:
22 Feb 1938 - 24 Mar 1938
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and source material., 27 Feb 1940 - 13 May 1940
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/139A-B
Scope and Contents
Notes for WSC's speech (27 February) on supplementary navy estimates, protecting merchant and fishing vessels from U-boats, the strength of the Fleet, and naval losses. Also includes cutting from the Daily Telegraph reporting WSC's speech and relevant extract from Hansard. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 6194-8.Incomplete notes for WSC's speech (11 April) on the German invasion of Norway and Denmark and the naval battle off Norway. Also includes relevant extract from Hansard. Published:...
Dates:
27 Feb 1940 - 13 May 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 23 May 1940 - 19 Jun 1940
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/172
Scope and Contents
Statement by WSC (23 May) on fighting in France. Published: Complete Speeches VI p 6223.Statement by WSC (28 May) on the fall of Belgium. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 6223-4.Speech notes for WSC's speech (4 June) entitled "Wars are not won by evacuations" on the fall of Belgium, the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force from Dunkirk [France] and the successes of the RAF. Speech includes the phrase "We shall fight on the beaches . . . We shall never surrender". Source material...
Dates:
23 May 1940 - 19 Jun 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 25 Jun 1940 - 21 Nov 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/173A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (25 June) entitled "The fall of France" on the capitulation of France, the surrender of the French fleet to Germany and his visit to see [Paul] Reynaud [Prime Minister of France]. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6239-41.Statement by WSC (4 July) on the British destruction of the French fleet at Oran [Algeria]. Source material includes notes on the co-ordination of intelligence, the role of the Commander-in-Chief of the Home Forces [General Sir Alan Brooke,...
Dates:
25 Jun 1940 - 21 Nov 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 05 Sep 1940 - 08 Oct 1940
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/174A-C
Scope and Contents
Statement by WSC (5 September) on the war situation and an agreement with the United States over destroyers and defence bases, events in Romania, the achievements of the RAF, damage through bombing and the insurance scheme, evacuation, air raid warnings and other Home Front issues. Source material includes: notes and correspondence from Air Marshal Sir Richard Peirse [Vice-Chief of Air Staff], Norman Brook [later 1st Lord Normanbrook] (2), Arthur Cary [Assistant Principal, Air Ministry] (4),...
Dates:
05 Sep 1940 - 08 Oct 1940
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 23 Apr 1942 - 02 Jun 1942
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/184A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (23 April) in secret session on the war situation including: Japan's entry into the war; setbacks including battleship losses; defence of the Admiralty over the escape of the German battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau; events and operations in the Far East, the Middle East and the Soviet Union; air battles including the bombing of Germany; and aircraft and ship production. Also includes correspondence from: Maurice Dean [Assistant Under Secretary of State,...
Dates:
23 Apr 1942 - 02 Jun 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 27 Jul 1943 - 13 Oct 1943
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/192A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (27 July) on the fall of Mussolini including an assessment of his regime and the principles to be used in negotiations with Italy; and also on events and operations in the Soviet Union and the bombing of Germany. Also includes correspondence from 1st Lord Halifax [earlier Edward Wood and Lord Irwin, British Ambassador to the United States]; Francis Keenlyside [Assistant Secretary in charge of Shipping Policy]; Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the Cabinet]; and...
Dates:
27 Jul 1943 - 13 Oct 1943
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 18 Feb 1944 - 22 Mar 1944
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/197A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (22 February) on the progress of the war and the international situation including: the strength of the forces of Germany; successes in the Soviet Union and through bombing attacks on Germany; the importance of the role played by the Royal Navy and the RAF; a prediction of increased attack in 1944; events and operations in Italy, Yugoslavia [later Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia] and Greece; the...
Dates:
18 Feb 1944 - 22 Mar 1944
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes (some by WSC as First Lord of the Admiralty) and other material., 19 May 1939 - 06 Dec 1939
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/135A-B
Scope and Contents
Notes for an unused speech by WSC (prepared for 8 May) on conscription and the Military Training Bill.Notes for WSC's speech (19 May) on relations with the Soviet Union and Poland, and the effect of an agreement with the Soviet Union on relations with other European nations. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 6117-23.Notes for WSC's speech (23 May) on his objections to the White Paper on Palestine, and the legacy of the Balfour declaration [supporting a Jewish national home in Palestine]....
Dates:
19 May 1939 - 06 Dec 1939
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: Miscellaneous speech notes., [1933] - [1935]
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/92
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speeches, including (29 March 1933, House of Commons), on India. Published: Complete Speeches V pp 5241 - 5256.Speech notes for WSC's speech (7 November 1933, House of Commons), on Socialism in the Armed Forces.Speech notes on air parity with Germany.Also includes: a list of votes of censure, 1931 - 1935.
Dates:
[1933] - [1935]
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: Non-House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 11 Jan 1956 - 28 Nov 1956
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/60A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (11 January, London), entitled "The Benjamin Franklin Medal", on the value of receiving the award because of WSC's American blood and because of Franklin's work to preserve unity between the United States and Britain, and on the task of maintaining that unity in the future. Part published: Complete Speeches VIII p 8671.Speech notes and typescript for WSC's speech (31 March, Roquebrune, Cap Martin [France]) upon receiving honorary citizenship of Roquebrune, on...
Dates:
11 Jan 1956 - 28 Nov 1956
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: Non-House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 06 Nov 1958 - 26 Oct 1960
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/62A-D
Scope and Contents
Speech notes and typescript for WSC's speech (6 November 1958, Hotel Matignon, Paris [France]) entitled "A Friend of France" on receiving the Croix de la Liberation from Charles de Gaulle, President of France, on subjects including: de Gaulle's wartime status as the symbol of France and his present responsibilities and problems; the confused international situation; WSC's long friendship with France; the uncertain future and the need for Britain, France and the Western allies to stand...
Dates:
06 Nov 1958 - 26 Oct 1960
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 05 May 1941 - 26 Dec 1941
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/182A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's broadcast (3 May) to the Polish people on the attack on Poland by Germany and the siege of Warsaw. Also includes correspondence from Count Edward Raczynski [Polish Ambassador to Great Britain], Anthony Eden [later 1st Lord Avon , Foreign Secretary] and notes and copies of correspondence from Kathleen Hill [Secretary to WSC] and John Colville [Assistant Private Secretary to WSC]. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6385-7.Speech notes for WSC's broadcast (recorded 29...
Dates:
05 May 1941 - 26 Dec 1941
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 15 Feb 1942 - 15 Mar 1942
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/188A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's broadcast (15 February) on the fall of Singapore and reviewing the war. Subjects covered include: the Atlantic Charter and assistance provided by the United States; operations in the Soviet Union; the entry of Japan into the war; the Home Front and difficulties of food supply; and the strength of China. Also includes correspondence from James Stuart [Government Chief Whip]; Sir Archibald Sinclair [later 1st Lord Thurso, Secretary of State for Air]; [General Wladyslaw]...
Dates:
15 Feb 1942 - 15 Mar 1942
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and typescript., 15 Jan 1918 - 21 Dec 1918
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/56
Scope and Contents
Speech by WSC (15 January, Conference of Munitions Inspection Department, Institute of Civil Engineers) congratulating the department on its work.Speech by WSC (27 June, Mansion House, London) entitled "Greece and the War" on the 1st anniversary of Greece's entry into the war, in tribute to the Greek Prime Minister, Eleutherios Venizelos, and on the progress of the war. Published: Complete Speeches III pp 2611 - 2613 (part).Speech notes for WSC's speech and proofs of the speeches (4 July,...
Dates:
15 Jan 1918 - 21 Dec 1918
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: speech notes., 20 Apr 1946 - 21 Sep 1946
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/8A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes and Hansard report of WSC's speech (1 August, House of Commons) on Palestine on subjects including: his conviction that there should be a Jewish national home in Palestine; the success which followed the 1922 [Balfour] declaration; the opinions of T E Lawrence [T E Shaw, "Lawrence of Arabia"] about the treatment of the Arabs; the repatriation of the Jews in Europe; and the decision by the United States not to support Zionism policy. Source material includes: an extract from a...
Dates:
20 Apr 1946 - 21 Sep 1946
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: speech notes., 12 Nov 1946 - 12 Dec 1946
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/10A-C
Scope and Contents
Speech notes and Hansard report of WSC's speech (12 November, House of Commons) entitled "The international scene" on subjects including: the cold war, the deterioration of relations with the Soviet Union and the strength of the Soviet army; support for the United Nations; the need to aid Germany but prevent rearmament; the Nuremberg trials and war crimes; Imperial Preference; affairs in countries including India, Egypt and the Suez canal, Palestine, National Service and the armed forces;...
Dates:
12 Nov 1946 - 12 Dec 1946
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: speech notes., 31 Mar 1947 - 17 May 1947
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/12A-E
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (18 April, Albert Hall, London) to a meeting of the Primrose League entitled "Empire and Freedom" including: the diminishing British empire; Lord Randolph Churchill's role in founding the Primrose League; criticism of the spending of a loan from the United States; party politics and support for the United Nations. Also includes press cuttings about the speech and notes from Elizabeth Gilliatt [Secretary to WSC]. Published: Complete Speeches VII, pp...
Dates:
31 Mar 1947 - 17 May 1947
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: speech notes., Jul 1944 - 16 Feb 1948
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/16A-D
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (23 January 1948, House of Commons) on the foreign affairs debate including: support for the Labour government's foreign policy; affairs and events in various countries including Greece, Italy and the United States; his predictions of the Cold war in his Fulton speech ["The Sinews of Peace" see CHUR 5/4A-B] and the need for reconciliation between France and Germany at Zurich ["The Tragedy of Europe", see CHUR 5/8]; criticism of a speech by Herbert Morrison, Lord...
Dates:
Jul 1944 - 16 Feb 1948
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: speech notes., 09 Oct 1948 - 28 Oct 1948
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/21A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (9 October, Annual Conservative Party Conference, Llandudno, Wales) entitled "Perils abroad and at home" on subjects including: the recovery of the Conservative Party since 1945; the part played by Wales in British affairs; relations with the Soviet Union and the likelihood of a third world war; the degeneration of the United Nations; the importance of nuclear weapons belonging to the United States in countering the threat posed by the Soviet Union; the...
Dates:
09 Oct 1948 - 28 Oct 1948
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: speech notes., 12 Nov 1948 - 11 Feb 1949
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/22A-B
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (12 November 1948, Westminster Abbey) at the unveiling of a memorial to President Franklin Roosevelt in which WSC pays tribute to Roosevelt. Published: Complete Speeches VII, pp 7730-31.Speech notes for WSC's speech (16 November 1948, House of Commons) entitled "The Iron and Steel Bill" on the nationalisation of the steel industry including: the contrast between unemployment after World War I and full employment after World War II; a loan from the United States...
Dates:
12 Nov 1948 - 11 Feb 1949
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: speech notes., 01 Jun 1949 - 17 Aug 1949
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/26A-D
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's speech (1 June, Kensington Town Hall [London]) on receiving the freedom of the Borough of Kensington including: his memories and experience of Kensington; its history and contribution during World War II and his descent from John, 1st Duke of Marlborough. Published: Complete Speeches VII, pp 7824-5 (part).Brief manuscript notes for WSC's speech (26 June, Savoy Hotel [London]) at the 1922 Committee Luncheon.Speech notes for WSC's speech (5 July, Sikorski Institute,...
Dates:
01 Jun 1949 - 17 Aug 1949
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
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Speeches: Speech notes., 02 Nov 1949 - 28 Dec 1949
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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/28A-B
Scope and Contents
Brief manuscript notes for and transcript of WSC's speech of thanks (2 November 1949, Grosvenor House, Park Lane [London]) entitled "Riches of English Literature" on receiving the Sunday Times book prize including: the importance of the Sunday Times, of the English language and of reading; his experiences as a writer; and communications and television. Source material includes: notes from "Jo" [Sturdee, later Lady Onslow, Secretary to WSC]; correspondence from Lionel Berry [later 2nd Lord...
Dates:
02 Nov 1949 - 28 Dec 1949
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: speech notes., 04 Feb 1950 - 09 Feb 1950
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 5/31A-D
Scope and Contents
Speech notes for WSC's election address (4 February, Town Hall, Leeds [Yorkshire]) including: criticism of the Labour government's economic policy and manifesto; party politics and the numbers of candidates fielded by the Liberal Party; quotes by [Clement] Attlee [Prime Minister] on socialism; the rejection of socialism in Canada, Australia and New Zealand; nationalisation and its effect on the coal industry; the planned nationalisation of the steel industry; the continuation of rationing;...
Dates:
04 Feb 1950 - 09 Feb 1950
Conditions Governing Access:
Open
File
Speeches: speech notes and other material., 14 Mar 1936 - 23 Jul 1936
File
Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/120
Scope and Contents
Notes for WSC's speech (14 March, Birmingham, Jewellers' Association Annual Dinner) on the German reoccupation of the Rhineland [Germany], the French reaction, and the Treaty of Locarno [Switzerland]. Also includes cutting from the Times reporting WSC's speech and one by Sir Austen Chamberlain. Part published: Complete Speeches VI pp 5704-5.Notes for WSC's speech (8 May, Chingford [Essex]) on the Abyssinian [Ethiopia] crisis, sanctions against Italy, and the role of the League of Nations....
Dates:
14 Mar 1936 - 23 Jul 1936
Conditions Governing Access:
Open