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Churchill, Winston Leonard Spencer, Sir, 1874 - 1965 (Knight, statesman and historian)

 Person

Dates

  • Existence: 1874 - 1965

Found in 27 Collections and/or Records:

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Literary: typescript proofs and draft copies of the "Secret Session Speeches" containing WSC's speeches: "Britain Fights Alone" (20 June 1940), "Parliament in the Air Raids" (17 September 1940), "The Battle of the Atlantic" (25 June 1941), "The Fall of Singapore" (23 April 1942), and "Admiral [Jean] Darlan and the North African landings" (10 December 1942), with minor annotations by individuals including WSC and ?Charles Eade., Jan 1946 - Sep 1946

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHUR 4/70A-B
Scope and Contents

Also includes notes and copies of correspondence from WSC's secretary Jo Sturdee ("N S") [later Lady Onslow].Other subjects include: Dutch serialisation rights.Also includes: a note from Martin Gilbert (1963); details of word counts for speeches; cuttings from Life magazine serialisation; copies of Ons Vrije Nederland [Dutch magazine] containing the speeches.WSC's notes and source material for these speeches can be found in files CHAR 9/140-1, 147, 156, 174, 179, 184 and 187.

Dates: Jan 1946 - Sep 1946
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and other material., 08 Oct 1940 - 19 Dec 1940

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/142A-B
Scope and Contents Notes for WSC's speech (8 October) on the Battle of Britain, the Home Guard and the Home Front, Hitler's threat to invade Britain, events at Dakar [Senegal], the desertion of Vichy France, the Burma road [between Burma, later Myanmar, and China] and events in Spain. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6284-94.Notes for WSC's statement (17 October) on Robert Boothby [Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Food] and Czechoslovak claims.Notes for WSC's speech (5 November) on the war situation,...
Dates: 08 Oct 1940 - 19 Dec 1940
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and other material., 22 Jan 1941 - 07 May 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/146A-B
Scope and Contents Notes for WSC's speech (22 January) entitled "A dark and deadly valley" on the structure of government during wartime, the roles of the Minister of Defence and the Minister for Reconstruction, the needs of the army and military production. Also includes copy of Hansard containing the text of WSC's speech and others in the debate on production, supply and manpower. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6331-8. Hansard copy of the debate on the conduct of Robert Boothby (28 January) including...
Dates: 22 Jan 1941 - 07 May 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and other material., 20 May 1941 - 25 Jun 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/147A-B
Scope and Contents Hansard copies of WSC's statements (20 May) on victory in Abyssinia [Ethiopia], action at Sollum [Egypt], and the German attack on Crete [Greece]. Also includes cuttings from the Daily Telegraph and the Times reporting WSC's statements. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6401-3.Hansard copy of WSC's statement (21 May) on the attack on Crete.Hansard copy of WSC's statement (22 May) on heavy fighting in the battle for Crete. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6403-4.Hansard copy of WSC's...
Dates: 20 May 1941 - 25 Jun 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and other material., 09 Jul 1941 - 01 Oct 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/148A-B
Scope and Contents Hansard copies of WSC's statements (9 July) on the occupation of Iceland by United States troops, the appeal for arms from Eire (Southern Ireland [Ireland]) to the United States, and British losses in Syria. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6446-7.Notes for WSC's statement (15 July) on the production debate, the Anglo-Soviet Agreement against Germany, its effect on Poland, and the end of the Syrian campaign. Also includes relevant extract from Hansard. Part published: Complete Speeches...
Dates: 09 Jul 1941 - 01 Oct 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes and source material., 27 Feb 1940 - 13 May 1940

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/139A-B
Scope and Contents Notes for WSC's speech (27 February) on supplementary navy estimates, protecting merchant and fishing vessels from U-boats, the strength of the Fleet, and naval losses. Also includes cutting from the Daily Telegraph reporting WSC's speech and relevant extract from Hansard. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 6194-8.Incomplete notes for WSC's speech (11 April) on the German invasion of Norway and Denmark and the naval battle off Norway. Also includes relevant extract from Hansard. Published:...
Dates: 27 Feb 1940 - 13 May 1940
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 22 Jan 1941 - 22 Apr 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/177A-D
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (22 January) entitled "A dark and deadly valley" on the structure of government during wartime, the roles of the Minister of Defence and the Minister for Reconstruction, the needs of the army and military production. Source material includes correspondence from: Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the Cabinet] (5), Charles Hendriks, Clement Attlee [Lord Privy Seal], William Beveridge, Ernest Bevin [Minister of Labour and National Service] and notes from Eric Seal...
Dates: 22 Jan 1941 - 22 Apr 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 30 Apr 1941 - 10 Jun 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/178A-C
Scope and Contents Speech notes for statement by WSC (30 April) on the evacuation of Empire forces from Greece, giving details of casualties. Published: Complete Speeches VI, p 6385.Speech notes for WSC's speech (7 May) on the war situation including: a Vote of Confidence in parliament; events and operations in Greece, the Balkans, and Libya including the defence of Tobruk against forces under Field Marshal Erwin Rommel; a comparison of Hitler with Napoleon; production of tanks; the Battle of the Atlantic and...
Dates: 30 Apr 1941 - 10 Jun 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 25 Jun 1941 - 09 Sep 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/179A-B
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (25 June) in a secret session debate on shipping, the Battle of the Atlantic, merchant shipping losses, imports and the threat posed by U-Boats. Source material includes correspondence from Sir Andrew Hardinge [Private Secretary to King George VI] (2), Eric Speed (2), Percy Cudlipp, editor of the Daily Herald, and Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the War Cabinet] (2); copies of correspondence from Leslie Rowan [Principal Private Secretary to WSC]; and an extract...
Dates: 25 Jun 1941 - 09 Sep 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 30 Sep 1941 - 11 Dec 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/180A-B
Scope and Contents Speech notes for statement by WSC (30 September) on the war situation including: the threat posed by Hitler, WSC's intention not to publish shipping losses to U-Boats, food and rations, the strength of the United States and the Soviet Union, Germany's attack on the Soviet Union, the army and Bomber Command, and events and operations in Persia [Iran]. Also includes correspondence from 1st Lord Woolton [earlier Frederick Marquis] Minister of Food, Frank Wood, and Major-General Bernard Paget,...
Dates: 30 Sep 1941 - 11 Dec 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 27 Jan 1942 - 13 Apr 1942

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/183A-C
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (29 January) winding up a debate on the war situation and responding to parliamentary questions on subjects including: the vote of confidence in the government; general policy in the Far East; the defence of Singapore and Malaya [later Malaysia]; the scorched earth policy at Penang; the conduct of the war; and troops and supplies in India. Also includes correspondence from Oliver Locker-Lampson; Percy Harris; Sir Arnold Gridley; Colin Thornley [Principal Private...
Dates: 27 Jan 1942 - 13 Apr 1942
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 23 Apr 1942 - 02 Jun 1942

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/184A-C
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (23 April) in secret session on the war situation including: Japan's entry into the war; setbacks including battleship losses; defence of the Admiralty over the escape of the German battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau; events and operations in the Far East, the Middle East and the Soviet Union; air battles including the bombing of Germany; and aircraft and ship production. Also includes correspondence from: Maurice Dean [Assistant Under Secretary of State,...
Dates: 23 Apr 1942 - 02 Jun 1942
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 08 Sep 1942 - 11 Sep 1942

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/186A-B
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (8 September) on the war situation including: his position as Prime Minister; the success of getting supplies to Malta; successes of United States and Australian troops against Japan in Pacific; the U Boat war; the United States mission of Harry Hopkins [Aide to President Roosevelt], General George Marshall [Chief of Staff, United States Army] and Admiral Ernest King [Commander in Chief United States Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations] to Great Britain; WSC's...
Dates: 08 Sep 1942 - 11 Sep 1942
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 10 Aug 1942 - 17 Feb 1943

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/190A-B
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (11 February) on the war situation including: the U Boat war; losses on all fronts; ship-building in the United States; decisions made at the Casablanca [Morocco] with President Roosevelt; a tribute to the achievements of General Sir Harold Alexander as Commander in Chief Middle East and General Sir Bernard Montgomery as General Officer commanding the 8th Army; support for Turkey; his visit to Cyprus, Cairo [Egypt] and Tripoli [Italy]; events and operations in...
Dates: 10 Aug 1942 - 17 Feb 1943
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 30 Mar 1943 - 08 Jun 1943

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/191A-B
Scope and Contents Speech notes for a speech by WSC (not used) and part of a broadcast about India on calls for Indian independence, the achievements of the Indian army, Gandhi's fast and WSC's illness. Part of the notes form an unused section of WSC's broadcast of 21 March 1943 [see CHAR 9/193]. Source material includes correspondence from Leo Amery, Secretary of State for India and Burma [later Myanmar] (3), Francis Turnbull [Principal Private Secretary to Secretary of State for India] (2); a pamphlet on...
Dates: 30 Mar 1943 - 08 Jun 1943
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 27 Jul 1943 - 13 Oct 1943

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/192A-C
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (27 July) on the fall of Mussolini including an assessment of his regime and the principles to be used in negotiations with Italy; and also on events and operations in the Soviet Union and the bombing of Germany. Also includes correspondence from 1st Lord Halifax [earlier Edward Wood and Lord Irwin, British Ambassador to the United States]; Francis Keenlyside [Assistant Secretary in charge of Shipping Policy]; Sir Edward Bridges [Secretary to the Cabinet]; and...
Dates: 27 Jul 1943 - 13 Oct 1943
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: House of Commons: speech notes (some by WSC as First Lord of the Admiralty) and other material., 19 May 1939 - 06 Dec 1939

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/135A-B
Scope and Contents Notes for an unused speech by WSC (prepared for 8 May) on conscription and the Military Training Bill.Notes for WSC's speech (19 May) on relations with the Soviet Union and Poland, and the effect of an agreement with the Soviet Union on relations with other European nations. Published: Complete Speeches VI pp 6117-23.Notes for WSC's speech (23 May) on his objections to the White Paper on Palestine, and the legacy of the Balfour declaration [supporting a Jewish national home in Palestine]....
Dates: 19 May 1939 - 06 Dec 1939
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: miscellaneous biblical, literary, and historical quotations, and notes for use in speeches by WSC, in a file marked: "Keep handy for the Prime Minister"., 16 Nov 1937 - 1945

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/127
Scope and Contents Includes notes and correspondence from: Kathleen Hill and Maud Stanley [Secretaries to WSC]; John Rodgers [Ministry of Information]; Ernest Brown [Minister of Health]; John Martin [Prime Minister's Principal Private Secretary] sending on material for a speech on shipping losses. Also includes material from unused speeches on confidence in WSC's government (January 1942) and the possibility of the invasion of Britain (no date); cutting from the Daily Telegraph of a letter from Harold Smith;...
Dates: 16 Nov 1937 - 1945
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 09 Jan 1941 - 27 Apr 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/181A-B
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (9 January, Pilgrim's Society Luncheon, Savoy Hotel, London) entitled "United States co-operation" proposing a toast to Lord Halifax [earlier Edward Wood and Lord Irwin] on his appointment as British Ambassador to the United States and on the death of [11th] Lord Lothian [earlier Philip Kerr]. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6327-9.BBC broadcast by WSC (9 February) entitled "Give us the tools" on the war situation including: the repulsion of the threat of...
Dates: 09 Jan 1941 - 27 Apr 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 15 Feb 1942 - 15 Mar 1942

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/188A-B
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's broadcast (15 February) on the fall of Singapore and reviewing the war. Subjects covered include: the Atlantic Charter and assistance provided by the United States; operations in the Soviet Union; the entry of Japan into the war; the Home Front and difficulties of food supply; and the strength of China. Also includes correspondence from James Stuart [Government Chief Whip]; Sir Archibald Sinclair [later 1st Lord Thurso, Secretary of State for Air]; [General Wladyslaw]...
Dates: 15 Feb 1942 - 15 Mar 1942
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 12 Oct 1942 - 06 Dec 1942

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/189
Scope and Contents Speech notes for WSC's speech (12 October, Usher Hall, Edinburgh, Scotland) on receiving the freedom of the city entitled "Our greatest glory" on: King George VI and Queen Elizabeth; the death of George, Duke of Kent; his visit to inspect the fleet; his links with Scotland; speeches made by Hitler, [Joachim von] Ribbentrop and [Hermann] Goering; events and operations in the Soviet Union and the Battle of the Atlantic. Also includes correspondence from Captain Ronald Brockman [Admiral's...
Dates: 12 Oct 1942 - 06 Dec 1942
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: Non House of Commons: Speech notes and source material., 11 May 1943 - 30 Jun 1943

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/194A-B
Scope and Contents Press cuttings of WSC's broadcast from Washington, United States (14 May) on the Home Guard in which he pays tribute to the members of the Home Guard. Also includes correspondence from Sydney Redman [Principal Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for War]; Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Thomas Moore [Chairman of the Home Guard Joint Parliamentary Committee] (3); Robert Gransden; George Anderson, Principal Officer Eastern civil defence region (2); telegrams from the Ministry of Information;...
Dates: 11 May 1943 - 30 Jun 1943
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: speech notes and other material., 09 Jan 1941 - 27 Apr 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/150A-B
Scope and Contents Notes for WSC's speech (9 January, Pilgrim's Society Luncheon, Savoy Hotel, London) entitled "United States co-operation" proposing a toast to Lord Halifax [earlier Edward Wood and Lord Irwin] on his appointment as British Ambassador to the United States and on the death of [11th] Lord Lothian [earlier Philip Kerr]. Also includes cutting from the Times reporting WSC's speech. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6327-9. Various cuttings reporting WSC's speech (17 January, Glasgow [Scotland])...
Dates: 09 Jan 1941 - 27 Apr 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: speech notes and other material., 14 Jul 1941 - 11 Nov 1941

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/152A-B
Scope and Contents Notes for WSC's speech (14 July, County Hall, London) entitled the "Grit and Stamina of London" on the German bombing of London, the prospects for the future, and British bombing of Germany. Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6448-52.Brief notes for WSC's speech (14 July, Civil Defence Review, Hyde Park, London). Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6447-8.Also includes cuttings from the Yorkshire Post and the Glasgow Herald reporting the above two speeches.Cutting from the Times on the...
Dates: 14 Jul 1941 - 11 Nov 1941
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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Speeches: speech notes and other material., 08 Dec 1941 - 21 Jan 1942

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Reference Code: GBR/0014/CHAR 9/153
Scope and Contents Cuttings from the Listener containing the text of WSC's broadcast (8 December, BBC) entitled "The Great Alliance of Free Peoples" on the attack on Pearl Harbor [United States], liaison with President Roosevelt, and the declaration of war on Japan. [Repeat of WSC's speech delivered to the House of Commons earlier that day with one added paragraph; for further material see CHAR 9/149 and CHAR 9/180] Published: Complete Speeches VI, pp 6523-6.Notes for WSC's broadcast (24 December, Washington...
Dates: 08 Dec 1941 - 21 Jan 1942
Conditions Governing Access: Open
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